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The purpose of this study was to identify effects of the preoperative nursing information and meditation on the state anxiety level and vital signs (systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse) in patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. Total of 114 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery in a university hospital in Daejeon participated in the study. The experimental group was classified into two types of intervention 31 patients in the first experimental group received preoperative nursing information and meditation, and 32 patients in the second experimental group received only preoperative nursing information, while other 51 patients as the comparison group received standard routine care. The data collection was performed from June 27 to September 14, 2004. The state anxiety was measured by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) (Spielberger, 1972) that had been translated into Korean by Kim and Shin(1972). The physiologic measures were also included twice for blood pressure and pulse checked at admission as the baseline data as well as right before the surgery. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN. Descriptive statistics were used for demographic characteristics of the subjects. The differences between two experimental groups were compared by t-test. ANOVA was used to compare the differences among 3 groups on vital signs. In the homogeneity test among the groups revealed the significant difference in state anxiety, therefore the comparison on state anxiety among three groups were made with pretest scores of state anxiety as a covariate by using ANCOVA. The result of this study were as follows: 1. The homogeneity test revealed that there were no differences among three groups on demographic characteristics and physiologic measures except for state anxiety which was controlled as a covariate in the analysis. 2. Both experimental groups who received preoperative nursing information and meditation or preoperative nursing information only showed significantly less level of state anxiety than the comparison group. The result from ANCOVA with the pretest score of state anxiety as a covariate also confirmed the significant difference between the experimental groups and the comparison group (F=17.944, p=.000). 3. There was no significant group difference in systolic blood pressure among three groups, and the hypothesis was rejected(F=2.996, p=.054). 4. Both experimental groups showed significantly lower diastolic blood pressure than the comparison group and the hypothesis was supported (F=6.615, p=.002). However, there was no group difference between the experimental groups received either preoperative nursing information and meditation or preoperative nursing information only. 5. There was no significant group difference in pulse rates among three groups, and the hypothesis was rejected(F=0.409, p=.665). In conclusion, the preoperative nursing information and meditation was effective in terms of reducing state anxiety and diastolic blood pressure in patients who is undergoing laparoscopic surgery. While the separate effect of meditation was not supported in this study, various methods of nursing intervention should be developed for pre-operative patients to reduce their level of state anxiety. Alternative interventions including meditation or relaxation methods should be explored for the potential effects to provide holistic care in operating room.
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